990 Wheel Loader
THE RUNDOWN
PROVEN RELIABILITY
- Cat C27 engine is built and tested to meet your most demanding applications.
- Long engine life and improved fuel efficiency with reduced rated speed.
- Designed for long life, rebuildability, and high resale value.
- Maximum responsiveness with Steering and Integrated Control (STIC™).
- Moves more material more efficiently with improved power and control.
- Durable construction withstands the toughest loading conditions and multiple life cycles.
PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY
- Two engine emission options are available that meet U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V emission standards or U.S. EPA Tier 2 and EU Stage II equivalent.
- More payload per pass on truck-loading applications with Performance Series Buckets.
- Payload increase to optimize pass on 775 trucks.
- Positive Flow Control (PFC) hydraulic system helps increase efficiency, bucket feel, and responsiveness with consistent performance.
- Excellent visibility to the bucket edges and work area through a Z-bar linkage.
- Planetary power shift transmission for maximum uptime.
- Convenient, responsive, electro-hydraulic controls increase operator productivity.
- Superior digging, high bucket fill factors, reduced dig times.
- Integrated steering and transmission controls.
- Operators can check tire pressure during operation with any change sending a fault code to VisionLink®, helping to prevent premature tire failure.
POWERFUL EFFICIENCY
- Increased efficiency material per gallon of fuel.
- Economy mode for reduced rated engine speed and reduced fuel consumption.
- Positive flow-control hydraulics for full flow on demand at low engine speeds.
- Engine Idle Shutdown for less fuel used while idling.
- Fully integrated electronic engine controls help make your fuel go farther.
PRODUCTIVITY WITH TECHNOLOGY
- Developed to monitor, manage, and enhance your jobsite operations.
- Payload provides accurate weighing* of the materials you are loading and hauling. Payload data is displayed in real-time to improve productivity and reduce overloading.
- Detect helps enhance awareness of the environment around working equipment and provides alerts to help keep people and assets safe on the jobsite.
- VisionLink wirelessly connects you to your equipment, giving you access to essential information you need to know to run your business.
- Gain valuable insight into how your machine or fleet is performing.
- Optional Advanced Productivity subscription helps provide comprehensive actionable information to help you manage and improve the productivity and profitability of your operations.
SAVE ON SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
- 10% lower maintenance costs.
- Grouped service points.
- Electro-hydraulic controls.
- Swing-out engine compartment service doors.
- Ecology drains to prevent spills.
- Ground level access to transmission control valves.
- Vehicle Information Management System (VIMS™) notifications to resolve problems before failure.
- Long life, rebuildability, and high resale value.
SAFETY FIRST
- Standard stairway lighting.
- Left- and right-hand stairs with 45-degree angle.
- Standard Cat Vision, rear vision camera system.
- Pressurized cabin with filtered and reduced sound levels.
OPERATOR COMFORT AND CONTROL
- World-class operator comfort and ergonomics.
- Premium seat with heated and actively cooled leather, adjustable lumbar support, air adjustable bolsters on the seat and backrest, seat cushion tilt adjustment, and adjustable-length seat cushion.
- Easy-to-reach levers and controls with seat-mounted implement pod to reduce fatigue.
- Ergonomic switch placement and displays with large backlit switches, LED indicators, and ISO symbols.
- Optional heated mirrors.
- Two-position rocker switch activates the electro-hydraulic parking brake.
- Reduced vibrations from isolated cab mounts and seat air suspension.
- Automatic cab temperature controls.
- Achieve precise positioning for easy loading in tight areas with 35 degrees of steering articulation.
- Precise machine control by load-sensing hydraulic steering system.
PURPOSE BUILT SPECIALTY MODELS - MILLYARD
- Designed to meet the demands of millyard applications.
- Designed for durability, ensuring availability in multiple life cycles.
- Equipped with Economy Mode to save on fuel consumption by the use of On Demand Throttle.
- Equipped with Impleller Clutch Torque Convereter (ICTC) and Rimpull Control System (RCS) to reduce tire slippage and fuel efficiency.
- Full hydraulic flow down to 1,400 engine rpm by using hydraulic flow sharing technology.
- Equipped with 45 degree angle access ladders and standard Cat Vision for enhanced safety.
- Cat forks are designed for maximum productivity and durability.
- Integrates front camera mounting location for maximum visibility to the entire fork tips during truck unloading.
PURPOSE BUILT SPECIALTY MODELS - STEEL MILL
- World-class safety, operator comfort and efficiency in pit digging and skull handling applications.
- Efficiency of manual throttle and ergonomics of throttle lock.
- Excellent visibility to the bucket edges and work area through a Z-bar design.
- Equipped with extra heat protection to key hoses and harnesses for improved reliability.
LONG TERM VALUE AND DURABILITY
- World-class transmission for long life and consistent, smooth shifting; specifically designed for mining applications.
- Advanced filtration system for extended performance and reliability of the hydraulic system.
- Advanced Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC) and Rimpull Control System (RCS) reduce tire slippage and wear, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce cost-per-ton.
- Linkage pin joints have optional auto-lube system to ensure long life.
- Frame resists torsional shock and twisting forces.
- Heavy-duty steering cylinder mounts and axle mounting ensure increased structural integrity.
Engine
| Engine Power - ISO 14396:2002 | 786hp |
| Engine Model | Cat® C27 |
| Emissions | Option 1 - U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V |
| Rated Speed | 1800r/min |
| Gross Power - SAE J1995:2014 | 801hp |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - Standard Ambient | 732hp |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - High Ambient | 681hp |
| Emissions | Option 2 - Emits equivalent to U.S. EPA Tier 2 |
| Rated Speed | 1800 r/min |
| Engine Power - ISO 14396:2002 | 752hp |
| Gross Power - SAE J1995:2014 | 766hp |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - Standard Ambient | 699hp |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - High Ambient | 648hp |
| Bore | 5.4in |
| Stroke | 6in |
| Displacement | 1649.5in³ |
| Peak Torque - 1,200 rpm | 2624lb/ft |
| Torque Rise | 18% |
| Note | Net power advertised is the power available at the flywheel when the engine is equipped with fan at minimum speed, air intake sytstem, exhaust system, and alternator. |
Transmission
| Transmission Type | Cat planetary power shift |
| Forward - 1 | 4.6mile/h |
| Forward - 2 | 8.2mile/h |
| Forward - 3 | 14.5mile/h |
| Reverse - 1 | 5.1mile/h |
| Reverse - 2 | 9.1mile/h |
| Reverse - 3 | 16mile/h |
| Direct Drive - Forward 1 | Lock-up disabled |
| Direct Drive - Forward 2 | 8.2mile/h |
| Direct Drive - Forward 3 | 14.5mile/h |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 1 | 5.1mile/h |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 2 | 9.1mile/h |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 3 | 16mile/h |
| Note | Travel speeds based on Michelin 45/65R39 LD D2**L5 tires. |
Operating Specifications
| Operating Weight - Standard | 178517lb |
| Bucket Capacity Range | 8.6 m³ – 10.0 m³ (11.25 yd³ – 13.0 yd³) |
| Rated Payload - Standard | 17.5ton (US) |
| Rated Payload - High Lift | 17.5ton (US) |
| Cat Truck Match - Standard | 773-775 |
| Cat Truck Match - High Lift | 775-777 |
Hydraulic System - Lift/Tilt
| Lift/Tilt System - Circuit | Positive flow control |
| Lift/Tilt System | Variable displacement piston |
| Maximum Flow at 1,800 rpm | 240gpm |
| Relief Valve Setting - Lift/Tilt | 4786psi |
| Cylinders, Double Acting - Lift, Bore and Stroke | 235 mm × 1287 mm (9.3 in × 50.7 in) |
| Cylinders, Double Acting - Tilt, Bore and Stroke | 292.1 mm × 820 mm (11.5 in × 32.3 in) |
| Pilot System | Open loop and pressure reducing |
| Pilot Relief Setting | 507psi |
Hydraulic Cycle Times
| Rack Back | 4.3s |
| Raise | 8.6s |
| Dump | 2.9s |
| Lower | 3.7s |
| Lower Float Down | 3.7s |
| Total Hydraulic Cycle Time - Empty Bucket | 13.8s |
Hydraulic System - Steering
| Steering System - Circuit | Pilot, load sensing |
| Steering System - Pump | Piston, variable displacement |
| Maximum Flow at 1,400 rpm | 96.2gpm |
| Relief Valve Setting - Steering | 5004psi |
| Total Steering Angle | 70° |
Air Conditioning System
| Air Conditioning | • The air conditioning system on this machine contains the fluorinated greenhouse gas refrigerant R134a or R1234yf. See the label or instruction manual for identification of the gas. • If equipped with R134a (Global Warming Potential = 1430), the system contains 2.7 kg (5.9 lb) of refrigerant which has a CO2 equivalent of 3.861 metric tonnes (4.256 tons). |
Axles
| Front | Fixed |
| Rear | Trunnion |
| Oscillation Angle | 8.5° |
Brakes
| Brakes | ISO 3450: 2011 |
Service Refill Capacities
| Fuel Tank | 281gal (US) |
| Cooling System | 54.9gal (US) |
| Engine Crankcase | 20gal (US) |
| Transmission | 29.1gal (US) |
| Differential - Final Drives - Front | 71.6gal (US) |
| Differential - Final Drives - Rear | 68.9gal (US) |
| Hydraulic System Factory Fill | 210gal (US) |
| Hydraulic Tank - Implement and Hydraulic Fan | 68.9gal (US) |
| Hydraulic Tank - Steering and Braking | 34.9gal (US) |
| Note | Cat U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V diesel engines are required to use ULSD (ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel with 15 ppm of sulfur or less) or ULSD blended with the following lower-carbon intensity fuels** up to: • 20% biodiesel FAME (fatty acid methyl ester)* • 100% renewable diesel, HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) and GTL (gas-to-liquid) fuels Refer to guidelines for successful application. Please consult your Cat dealer or “Caterpillar Machine Fluids Recommendations” (SEBU6250) for details. * Engines with no aftertreatment devices can use higher blends, up to 100% biodiesel (for use of blends higher than 20% biodiesel, consult your Cat dealer). ** Tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions from lower-carbon intensity fuels are essentially the same as traditional fuels. – Cat DEO-ULS™ or oils that meet the Cat ECF-3, API CJ-4, API CK-4, and/or ACEA E9 specifications are required. – Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) that meets all requirements defined in ISO 22241-1:2006. |
Sound Performance - Tier 4 Final / Stage V
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008) | 72dB(A) |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008) | 116dB(A) |
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008)* | 72dB(A) |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008)* | 114dB(A) |
| Note (1) | *Sound suppression equipped |
| Note (2) | The machine sound power level was measured according to ISO 6395:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. |
| Note (3) | The operator sound pressure level was measured according to ISO 6396:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. |
| Note (4) | Hearing protection may be needed when the machine is operated with a cab that is not properly maintained or when the doors or windows are open for extended periods or in a noisy environment. |
Sound Performance - Tier 2
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008) | 72dB(A) |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008) | 116dB(A) |
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008)* | 72dB(A) |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008)* | 114dB(A) |
| Note (1) | *Sound suppression equipped |
| Note (2) | The machine sound power level was measured according to ISO 6395:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. |
| Note (3) | The operator sound pressure level was measured according to ISO 6396:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. |
| Note (4) | Hearing protection may be needed when the machine is operated with a cab that is not properly maintained or when the doors or windows are open for extended periods or in a noisy environment. |
Dimensions (Approximate) - Standard Lift Linkage
| Ground to Top of ROPS | 17.2ft |
| Ground to Top of Exhaust Stacks | 16.6ft |
| Ground to Top of Hood | 12.7ft |
| Ground to Bumper Clearance | 3.5ft |
| Rear Axle - Centerline to Bumper | 12.5ft |
| Front Axle Centerline to Bucket Tip | 15.4ft |
| Wheel Base | 15.1ft |
| Maximum Overall Length | 42.9ft |
| Ground to Lower Hitch Clearance | 2.0ft |
| Ground to Center of Front Axle | 4.2ft |
| Clearance at Maximum Lift | 7.2ft |
| Rack Back Angle at Ground Level | 40.4° |
| Rack Back Angle at Carry | 48.8° |
| B-Pin Height - Maximum Lift | 19.7ft |
| Maximum Overall Height - Bucket Raised | 27.2ft |
| Rack Angle at Maximum Lift | 63.7° |
| Dump Angle at Maximum Lift | 45° |
| Reach - Maximum Lift | 7.2ft |
| Note | Specifications are calculated with 9.0 m3 (11.8 yd3) rock bucket and Bridgestone 45/65R39 VSDL One Star tires. |
Dimensions (Approximate) - High Lift Linkage
| Ground to Top of ROPS | 17.2ft |
| Ground to Top of Exhaust Stacks | 16.6ft |
| Ground to Top of Hood | 12.7ft |
| Ground to Bumper Clearance | 3.5ft |
| Rear Axle - Centerline to Bumper | 12.5ft |
| Front Axle Centerline to Bucket Tip | 17.8ft |
| Wheel Base | 15.1ft |
| Maximum Overall Length | 45.3ft |
| Ground to Lower Hitch Clearance | 2.0ft |
| Ground to Center of Front Axle | 4.2ft |
| Clearance at Maximum Lift | 14.8ft |
| Rack Back Angle at Ground Level | 39.9° |
| Rack Back Angle at Carry | 49.3° |
| B-Pin Height - Maximum Lift | 21.2ft |
| Maximum Overall Height - Bucket Raised | 28.7ft |
| Rack Angle at Maximum Lift | 60.6° |
| Dump Angle at Maximum Lift | 51° |
| Reach - Maximum Lift | 8.5ft |
| Note | Specifications are calculated with 9.0 m3 (11.8 yd3) rock bucket and Bridgestone 45/65R39 VSDL One Star tires. |
Standard Equipment
NOTE
- Standard and optional equipment may vary. Consult your Cat dealer for details.
OPERATOR ENVIRONMENT
- Air conditioner and heater with automatic temperature control
- Cab, sound-suppressed and pressurized, rollover protective structure/falling objects protective structure (ROPS/FOPS)
- Cat Vision, rear vision camera system
- 12-volt power port
- Coat hook
- Cab precleaner, powered
- Electro-hydraulic tilt and lift controls (seat mounted)
- Flip-up armrest
- Heater and defroster
- CB radio ready
- Horn, electric
- Implement hydraulic lockout
- Instrumentation, gauges:– Engine coolant temperature– Fuel level– Ground speed– Gear– Hydraulic oil temperature– Speedometer/tachometer– Torque converter temperature
- Instrumentation, warning indicators:– Action alert system, three category– Automatic transmission model enable status– Brake malfunction– Bucket float status– Delayed engine shutdown status– Engine idle shutdown status– Engine malfunction– Fuel economy mode enable status– Hydraulic lockout– Lockup clutch enable status– Low fuel level– Parking brake status– Rimpull control enable status– Seatbelt warning– Secondary steering (if equipped)– Throttle lock status– Transmission gear
- Keypad, control with indicator lights:– Auto trans mode speed range– Auto/manual transmission mode– Fuel economy mode– Implement kickout– Lockup clutch– Reduced rimpull– Throttle lock
- Light, dome (cab)
- Lunchbox and beverage holders
- Mirrors, rearview (externally mounted)
- Premium seat with heated and actively cooled leather, adjustable lumbar support, air adjustable bolsters on the seat and backrest, seat cushion tilt adjustment, and adjustable-length seat cushion
- Seat belt, retractable, 76 mm (3 in) wide
- Steering and Transmission Integrated Control (STIC™) system with steering lock
- Tinted glass
- Trainer seat with lap belt
- Vital Information Management System (VIMS™) with graphical information display: external data port, customizable operator profiles, cycle timer, and integral Cat Production Measurement– Wet-arm wipers/washers (front, rear and corner) intermittent front wiper
POWERTRAIN
- Brakes, full hydraulic, enclosed, oil-disc
- Axle-shaft oil-disc service brake
- Electro hydraulic parking brake
- Case drain screens
- Cat clean emission module (CEM) - (Tier 4 only)
- Demand fan
- Engine Cat C27
- Fuel priming pump (electric)
- Ground level shutdown switch
- Mufflers (under hood) (Tier 2 equivalent only)
- Precleaner, engine air intake
- Radiator, Aluminum Modular (AMR)
- Separated cooling system
- Starting aid, (ether) manual override
- Throttle Lock
- Torque Converter, Impeller Clutch (ICTC) with lock-up clutch (LUC), and rimpull control system
- Transmission, 534 mm (21 in) planetary power shift (electronic) (3F/3R)
ELECTRICAL
- Alarm, back-up
- Alternator, 150 amp
- Batteries, maintenance free (2 – 1,400 CCA)
- Converter, 10/15 amp, 24V to 12V
- Deutsch component connectors
- Electrical system, 24V
- Electronic transmission control
- Lighting system, halogen (front and rear) lighting, access stairway, engine compartment
- Starter, electric
- Auxiliary start receptacle
OTHER
- Automatic bucket lift kickout/positioner
- Axle temperature sensor
- Battery disconnect and jump start receptacle, bumper
- Coupling, Caterpillar O-ring face seals
- Economy mode with on demand throttle
- Emergency platform exit
- Engine, crankcase, 500 hour interval with CH4
- Engine idle management features:– Auto idle kickdown– Delayed engine shutdown– Engine idle shutdown
- Fenders, steel (front)
- Guards, crankcase and powertrain
- Ground level lockable battery disconnect switch
- Grouped/labeled lube points
- Hitch, drawbar with pin
- Hoses, Cat XT™
- Oil sampling valves
- Positive flow control hydraulic system
- Product Link™
- Sight Gauges: hydraulic tanks, steering/fan and implement/brake, and transmission
- Stairway, left and right rear access
- Steering, load sensing
- Toe kicks
- Vandalism protection caplocks
- Venturi stack
- Premixed 50% concentration of extended life coolant with freeze protection to –34° C (–29° F)
Optional Equipment
NOTE
- Standard and optional equipment may vary. Consult your Cat dealer for details.
POWERTRAIN
- –50° C (–58° F) antifreeze
- Engine oil change system, high speed, Wiggins
- Engine block heater 120V or 240V
- High ambient cooling – software
OPERATOR ENVIRONMENT
- Cat Detect, object detection system
- AM/FM/CD/MP3 radio
- Satellite Sirius radio with Bluetooth®
- LED warning strobe
- Mirrors heated
- Window pull-down visor
OTHER
- Front and rear roading fenders
- Fast fill fuel system (Shaw-Aero)
OTHER OPTIONAL CONFIGURATIONS
- Millyard
- Steel Mill